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XML in a Nutshell, 3rd edition Index

Index

[ Symbols ], [ A ], [ B ], [ C ], [ D ], [ E ], [ F ], [ G ], [ H ], [ I ], [ J ], [ K ], [ L ], [ M ], [ N ], [ O ], [ P ], [ Q ], [ R ], [ S ], [ T ], [ U ], [ V ], [ W ], [ X ], [ Y ], [ Z ]

Symbols[ Top ]
( ) (parentheses) in element declarations, 39
( ) parentheses in element declarations, 39
& (ampersand)
      entity reference for (&), 49
      escaping in element character data, 20
      in CDATA sections, 21
<? and ?>, delimiting processing instructions, 22
<!-- and -->, delimiting X ML comments, 22
< (angle bracket, left)
      escaping in element character data, 20
' (apostrophe)
      entity reference for (&apos;), 20, 49
* (asterisk)
      CSS universal selector, 224
      node test, 463
      suffix for element names, 38, 383
      XPath arithmetic operator, 176
      XPath wildcard, 169
@ (at sign), selecting an attribute, 461
]]> (CDATA end delimiter), 22
: (colon)
      in XML namespaces, 64
:: (colon, double), in unabbreviated location paths, 173
.. (double period), selecting parent element, 460
= (equals sign)
      separating attribute name-value pairs, 16
= (equals sign), CSS attribute value selector, 225
/ (forward slash)
      //, selecting from context node descendants, 171
      building compound location paths, 460
      combining location steps with, 170
      root location path, 166, 460
> (greater-than sign)
      entity reference for (&gt;), 20, 49
      escaping, need for, 21
> (greater-than sign), CSS child element selector, 224
- (hyphen)
      in XML names, 19
< (less-than sign)
      entity reference for (&lt;), 49
      in CDATA sections, 21
- (minus sign), XPath arithmetic operator, 176
% (percent sign)
      in parameter entity references, 54
. (period)
      .. (double period), selecting parent element, 171
      in XML names, 19
      selecting context node, 171
. (period), selecting context node, 460
+ (plus sign)
      CSS sibling element selector, 224
      suffix for element names, 38, 383
      XPath arithmetic operator, 176
? (question mark), suffix for element names, 38, 383
" (quotation marks, double)
      enclosing values in attribute name-value pairs, 16
      entity reference for straight (&quot;), 20, 49
' (quotation marks, single)
      enclosing values in attribute name-value pairs, 16
      entity reference for straight (&apos;), 20, 49
# (sharp sign), CSS attribute selector, 225
@ sign
      attributes, selecting in XPath location steps, 167
~= (tilde equals sign), CSS attribute selector, 225
_ (underscore)
      in XML names, 19
|= (vertical bar equals sign), CSS attribute selector, 225
| (vertical bar), multiple XPath matches, 170
@* (XPath wildcard), 169
[,��,��] (square brackets), CSS attribute selector, 224

A[ Top ]
abbreviated location paths, 173, 459
absolute location paths, 166, 460
      building compound location paths, 171
      id( ) function and, 180
absolute units of length (CSS properties), 229
alternate pseudo-attribute, 120
alternate pseudoattribute, 223
&amp; (ampersand) entity reference
      HTML 4.0 entity sets and, 606
      XML specification for, 374
ancestor axis, 174, 462
ancestor-or-self axis, 174, 462
annotation elements in schemas, 282
anonymous types, 289
Antenna House XSL Formatter, 243
ANY element type, 42
Apache web server
      MIME types for XML, 72
Apache XML Project
      Cocoon (XSLT processor), 147
      FOP (formatting program), 242
      Xalan XSLT processor, 147
      Xerces-J (parser), 281
&apos; (apostrophe) entity reference
      HTML 4.0 entity sets and, 607
      XML specification for, 374
apostrophe ('), entity reference for (&apos:), 20
appendChild(,��,��) (DOM), 565
appendData(,��,��) (DOM), 506
Apple Computer character sets, 78
applications, XML, 4
application/xml, 13
application/xml MIME type, 72
Arabic Unicode block, 618
arcs, 191-195
      multiple arcs from one arc element, 192-194
      role attributes, 194
      title attributes, 194
arithmetic operators in XPath, 176
Armenian Unicode block, 617
Arrows Unicode block, 620
ASCII character set, 605
ATTLIST declarations, 42
      default declaration for attributes, 48
      xml:lang attribute, 85
Attr interface (DOM), 338
      attributes for, 502
      nodeName attribute and, 561
      nodeValue attribute and, 562
      object hierarchy, 501
attribute axis, 174, 462
attribute declarations, 42-49
      attribute groups and, 286
      attribute type
            IDREFS, 47
      attribute types, 43-48
            CDATA, 44
            ENTITIES, 48
            ENTITY, 47
            enumeration, 45
            ID, 45
            IDREF, 46
            NMTOKEN, 44
            NMTOKENS, 44
            NOTATION, 48
      defaults, 48
      schemas and, 285
attribute names
      document permanence and, 106
      prefixes and, 63
attribute nodes
      @* wildcard match, 170
      default template rule for, 154
      template rules and, 155
attribute types, 383
attribute value templates, 159
attribute values
      ensuring validity of, 393
      external entities and, 390
      no, 390
ATTRIBUTE_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 561, 564
attributes, 16-18, 66
      child elements vs., 17
      default declarations for
            normal attribute values and, 397
      default namespaces and, 387
      deprecated, XHTML DTD legacy module, 124
      in XML declarations, 24-26
            encoding attribute, 25
            standalone attribute, 25
            version attribute, 24
      location steps, 167, 461
      matching multiple, 170
      nodes
            XPath data model and, 458
      notation, 396
      selecting, 224
      special, 385
      unique names for, 390
      unprefixed, namespaces and, 66
      XLink, declaring in DTD, 197
      XML elements and, 502
attributes attribute (Node interface), 558
Attributes interface (SAX), 581
axes, 173, 459, 461
      abbreviated and unabbreviated location paths, 174

B[ Top ]
background-color property (CSS), 232
Backus-Naur Form (BNF) grammar, 495
bare name XPointers, 202
big-endian UCS-2, 75, 80
binding prefixes to URIs, 64-67
block areas (XSL-FO), 235
      flowing content into pages, 239
      splitting, 235
block elements (CSS display property), 227
%Block.extra entity reference, 127
block-level items in XML documents, 91
%Block.mix; entity reference, 125
BNF (Backus-Naur Form) grammar, 495
boolean( ) function (XPath), 182
Boolean expressions in predicates, 172
Boolean functions (XPath), 182
Booleans
      used by SAX features, 359
      XPath expressions, 177, 458
Borden, Jonathan, 250
border-color property (CSS), 232
Bosak, Jon, 9
Bray, Tim, 9, 250
Brown University, XML Validation Form, 34
byte-order mark (Unicode), 75, 80
bytes, representing code points in, 71

C[ Top ]
C0 controls in ASCII character sets, 605
C1 controls in ISO-8859 character sets, 605
Canadian French (xml:lang attribute), 85
Canonical XML, 11, 317
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), 218
      color properties, 232
      display property, 227
      font properties, 229
      selectors, 224
      style rules for, 221
      syntax of, 220
      text properties, 230
      transformation-based presentation vs., 108
      units of length, 228
      web browser support for, 248
      XML documents and, 222
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)stylesheets, 218
Cascading Style Sheets Level 1 (CSS1), 220
Cascading Style Sheets Level 2 (CSS2), 220
      web browser support for, 248
Cascading Style Sheets Level 3 (CSS3), 220
Cascading Style Sheets (see CSS)
case sensitivity in XML, xv, 14
catalogs, XML, 33
<![CDATA[ and ]]> (CDATA delimiters), 21
CDATA attribute type, 44
CDATA sections, 21
      attribute type, 383
      in XHTML, browser handling of, 117
      LexicalHandler interface and, 598
      XML specification for, 375
CDATASection interface (DOM), 340
      nodeName attribute and, 561
      nodeValue attribute and, 562
      object hierarchy, 501
CDATA_SECTION_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 561, 564
ceiling( ) function (XPath), 183
character data, 13
      comments in, 22
      escaping special characters with references, 20
      parsed, 20
character data characters (Unicode), 603
character encodings, 25
      autodetection of, 378
      definition of, 71
      Unicode, 75
character references, 81-84
      for HTML 4.0 entity sets, 607
      predefined, 374
      in XHTML, 117
      XML specification for, 390
character sets, 25, 601
      ASCII, 605
      converting between, 79
      Cp1252, 606
      definition of, 71
      in external parsed entities, 73
      ISO, 76
      metadata, 71
      national standard, 78
      platform-dependent, 78
            Cp1252, 79
            MacRoman, 79
      Unicode, 74
      XML document default, 80
      XML-defined, 74
character tables for Unicode, 603
CharacterData interface (DOM), 338
      attributes for, 505
      methods for, 505
charset pseudo-attribute, 119
charset pseudoattribute, 223
child axis, 174, 461
child elements, 14
      attributes vs., 17
      determining the number of, 38
      location steps, 166, 460
      metainformation about narrative documents, 91
      specified in element declarations, 37
childNodes attribute (Node interface), 558
Chinese characters
      using subcodes for dialects, 84
      UTF-8/UTF-16 encodings, 76, 601
choices in element declarations, 39
      enclosed in parentheses, 39
Clark, James, 9, 603
cloneNode(,��,��) (DOM), 566
Cocoon (Apache XML Project XSLT processor), 147
code points, 71
      unassigned, 604
:(colon), use within names, 373
color property (CSS), 232
command-line programs
      for document validation, 35
command-line XSLT processors, 147
comment( ) location step, 169
Comment interface (DOM), 339, 509
      nodeName attribute and, 561
      nodeValue attribute and, 562
      object hierarchy, 501
comment nodes
      default template rule for, 156
      XPath data model and, 458
comment(,��,��)
      node test, 463
COMMENT_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 561
comments
      DTDs, making sense of, 57
      IGNORE directive acting as, 56
      LexicalHandler interface and, 598
      loopholes in XML specification, 317
      vs. annotations in schemas, 282
      in XML documents, 22
communications protocols and XML, 263
comparison operators in XPath, 177
complex types, 289
      deriving
            by extension, 304
            by restriction, 305
      occurrence constraints, 291
concat( ) function (XPath), 179
conditional inclusion, declarations, 56
conditional sections, 385
      parameter entity nesting and, 398
constraints
      namespace, 399
      validity, 392
      well-formedness, 388
container nodes, 205
contains( ) function (XPath), 181
content, element
      any type, 300
      empty elements, 291
      mixed, 298
      simple, 293
content nodes (DOM Core), 335
content (of elements), 13
      escaping special characters in, 20
      mixed content, 15
content specifications (in element declarations), 37
ContentHandler interface (SAX), 351, 581
      methods called by parser, 352
      overriding methods in, 358
Content-Type field (HTTP header), 72
context node, 165, 166, 461
      changing, using here(,��,��) and origin(,��,��), 208
      selecting from all descendants with //, 171
      selecting, using a period (.), 460
      selecting with . (period), 171
      unabbreviated location paths, 174
Coptic Unicode block, 616
count( ) function (XPath), 179
country codes, 85
Cp1252 character set, 79, 606
      converting to UTF-8 encoding, 80
createAttribute(,��,��) (DOM), 513
createAttributeNS(,��,��) (DOM), 514
createCDATASection(,��,��) (DOM), 515
createComment(,��,��) (DOM), 515
createDocument(,��,��) (DOM), 534
createDocumentFragment(,��,��) (DOM), 516, 521
createDocumentType(,��,��) (DOM), 535
createElement(,��,��) (DOM), 516
createElementNS(,��,��) (DOM), 516
createEntityReference(,��,��) (DOM), 517
createProcessingInstruction(,��,��) (DOM), 518
createTextNode(,��,��) (DOM), 518
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets), 9
      Level 1 (CSS1), 118
      Level 2 (CSS2), 118
      XHTML DTD style attribute module, 124
CSS1 (Cascading Style Sheets Level 1), 220
CSS2 (Cascading Style Sheets Level 2), 220
      web browser support for, 248
CSS3 (Cascading Style Sheets Level 3), 220
Currency Symbols Unicode block, 619
Cyrillic Unicode block, 617

D[ Top ]
data attribute
      CharacterData interface, 505
      ProcessingInstruction interface, 574
data format, XML, 261
data typing, in XML documents, 92
database, XML vs., 6
decimal character references, 81
decimal format patterns, 478, 495
declarations, 24-26
      attribute, 42-49
      commenting out, 56
      DeclHandler interface and, 596
      default, 397
      document type, 32
      element, 30, 37-42
      element type, 394
      encoding, 72, 378
            inside XML declaration, 25
      external
            including, 302
            modifying, 303
      general entity, 49, 380
      notation
            names must be unique, 399
            unparsed entities and, 399
      notations, 52
      parameter entity references, 54
      standalone, 379
      standalone attribute, 25
      text, 51, 73
      version attribute, 24
      xml:lang attribute, 85
DeclHandler interface (SAX), 597
default declarations for attributes, 48
      XML specification for, 397
default namespaces, setting, 67, 387
default values, XML specification for, 384
DefaultHandler class (SAX), 588
deleteData(,��,��) (DOM), 506
dereferencing
      parameter entities, 54
derived types
      controlling, 306
      deriving
            by extension, 304
            by restriction, 305
      using, 305
descendant axis, 174, 461
descendant-or-self axis, 462
Devanagari Unicode block, 618
Dingbats Unicode block, 621
disciplines and professions, standard DTDs for, 59
display property (CSS), 227
div (XPath arithmetic operator), 176
DocBook, 95-98
      entity sets and, 84
      structure of documents, 91
doctype attribute (Document interface), 510
DOCTYPE declaration, 32
document element, 15
Document interface (DOM), 335
      attributes for, 510
      methods for, 512
      nodeName attribute and, 561
      nodeValue attribute and, 562
      object hierarchy, 501
document model modules, defining parameter entity references with, 133
Document Object Model (see DOM)
Document Style Sheet and Semantics Language (DSSSL), 108
document type declaration, 32
document type definition, 29
document type definitions (see DTDs)
documentElement attribute (Document interface), 510
DocumentFragment interface (DOM), 337
      nodeName attribute and, 561
      nodeValue attribute and, 562
      object hierarchy, 501
DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 562
DOCUMENT_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 561, 565
documents, XML, 12, 89-109
      associating RDF document with, 143
      attaching links to (see XLinks)
      converting to HTML for servers, 122
      embedding non-XML content in, 52
      narrative
            DocBook, 95-98
            TEI, 92-95
      narrative document structures, 90
      nodes in, 154
      OpenOffice, 98-101
      permanence of, 105
      SGML's legacy, 89
      transforming and presenting, 107-109
      valid, 4
      well-formed, 4
      WordprocessingML, 101-105
DocumentType interface (DOM)
      nodeName attribute and, 561
      nodeValue attribute and, 562
      object hierarchy, 501
DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 561, 565
DOM Core
      content nodes, 335
      structural nodes, 333
      structure of, 328
DOM (Document Object Model), xii, 10, 325
      document structure, 332
      generic vs. specific interfaces, 328
      IDL (Interface Definition Language) notation and, 326
      Node interface, 500
      object hierarchy, 501
      parsing a document with, 344
      reference, 500
      sample application, 345
      strengths/weaknesses, 327
      TrAX and, 498
DOM Level 1, 500
DOM Level 3, 345
DOMException interface, 531
DOMImplementation interface, 340
DOMSTRING_SIZE_ERR exception (DOM), 531
DSSSL (Document Style Sheet and Semantics Language), 10, 108
DTDHandler interface (SAX), 582
DTDs, 5, 28-59
      ATTLIST declarations of xml:lang attribute, 85
      attribute declarations, 42-49
            attribute types, 43-48
            defaults, 48
      conditional inclusion of declarations, 56
      document permanence and, 106
      element declarations, 37-42
            ANY keyword, 42
            child elements, 37
            choices, 39
            empty elements, 41
            mixed content, 41
            number of children, 38
            parentheses in, 39
            #PCDATA, 37
            sequences, 37
      external DTD subsets
            text declarations in, 73
      general entities
            external, parsed, 50-52
      general entity declarations, 49
      namespaces and, 69
      narrative XML documents, 58, 90, 92
      parameter entities, 53-56
            syntax of, 54
      record-like documents, 10, 57
      standalone attribute in XML declaration, 25
      standard, locating, 59
      TEI (Text Encoding Initiative), 92
      validating XML documents, 279
      validation, 29-36
            document type declaration, 32
            example DTD, 29-32
            internal subsets, 33
            validating a document, 34
      for XHTML, 115
            division into modules, 122-124
      XLinks, 197
      XML specification for, 379
Dublin Core metadata vocabulary, 61
      binding prefixes to namespace URIs, 65
      improving web searches, 140-143

E[ Top ]
EBNF (Extended Backus-Naur Form) grammar, 400
electronics symbols, Unicode block for, 620
element content
      any type, 300
      empty elements, 291
      mixed, 298
      simple, 293
ELEMENT declaration, 37
element declarations, 30, 37-42
      abstract attribute, 307
      ANY (content specification), 42
      child elements, 37
      choices, 39
      complex types and, 289
      constructing, 394
      empty elements, 41
      matching elements with DTD rules, 393
      mixed content, 41
      number of children, 38
      occurrence constraints, 291
      parentheses in, 39
      #PCDATA, 37
      schemas and, 284
      sequences, 37
      substitutionGroup attribute, 306
Element interface (DOM), 337
      methods for, 540
      nodeName attribute and, 561
      nodeValue attribute and, 562
      object hierarchy, 501
element names
      document permanence and, 106
      matching, 389
      in namespaces and DTDs, 69
      prefixes and, 63
      qualified, 387
      suffixes for, 38
      unqualified, 387
element nodes
      default template rule for, 156
      XPath data model and, 457
element type declarations
      duplicates types not allowed, 394
      uniqueness required for, 394
      XML specification for, 382
ELEMENT_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 561, 564
elements, 3, 13
      arc (XLinks), 191-195
      attributes, 16-18
      attributes and, 502
      calculating the value of, 150
      case sensitivity in, xv
      complex types, 289
      controlling placement of, 299
      deprecated, XHTML DTD legacy module, 124
      empty, 13
      enforcing uniqueness, 307
      location steps, 166, 459
      matching multiple, 170
      matching names, 389
      minOccurs/maxOccurs attributes, 291
      mixed content of, 15
      in narrative-oriented documents, 91
      of schemas, 413
      order of traversal, changing with XSLT template, 151
      overlapping not allowed, 14
      parents and children, 14
      root element, 15
      sibling, 14
      unprefixed, namespaces and, 66
      XLink
            xlink:type attribute, 185
      XML specification for, 386
empty elements, 13
      declaring, 41
      NOTATION attributes not available for, 397
      schemas and, 291
      web browser problems with, 116
      XML specification for, 386
encoding declaration, 25, 72
      XML specification for, 378
encodings, list of, 74
ending resource, 184
enterprise applications and XML, 262
entities
      DTD fragments that define, 83
      external parsed
            text declarations and, 73
      external unparsed
            declaring notations, 399
      general
            external, parsed, 50-52
      general entity declarations, 49
      parameter, 53-56
            syntax of, 54
entities attribute (DocumentType interface), 523
ENTITIES attribute type, 48, 383
ENTITY attribute type, 47, 383
      embedding unparsed entities in documents, 53
      unparsed entities in DTD and, 396
ENTITY declaration, 49, 374
      absent from entity references, 391
Entity interface (DOM), 334
      attributes for, 550
      nodeName attribute and, 561
      nodeValue attribute and, 562
      object hierarchy, 501
entity references, 20
      attribute values and external entities, 390
      CDATA secttions and, 21
      LexicalHandler interface and, 598
      listing of, 20
      loopholes in XML specification, 317
      places for allowed usage, 21
      simplifying document parsing, 375
      unparsed entity names not allowed, 391
      web browser problems with, 117
      with no entity declarations, 391
      XHTML 1.1 DTD, 125
      XML specification for, 375
entity sets
      HTML 4.0, 606
      XHTML 1.0 DTD, 83, 607
ENTITY_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 561
EntityReference interface (DOM), 339, 552
      nodeName attribute and, 561
      nodeValue attribute and, 562
      object hierarchy, 501
ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 561
EntityResolver interface (SAX), 582
enumeration attribute type, 45
      assigning a value to, 397
enumeration facet element, 295, 422
ErrorHandler interface (SAX), 583
errors
      ErrorHandler interface (SAX), 583
      SAXException class and, 585
      validity, 28, 35
      well-formedness, 26, 28
EUC-JP encoding, 602
event-based parsers, 312
events (XHTML DTD module), 124
exceptions, 585
expat parser and support for character encodings, 603
expressions, XPath, 151, 176-178
      Booleans, 177
      numbers, 176
      strings, 177
      (see also location paths; location steps)
Extended Backus-Naur Form (EBNF) grammar, 400
Extended Interfaces (DOM Core), 328
extended links, 189-196
      arcs, 191-195
            multiple arcs from one arc element, 192-194
            role attributes, 194
            title attributes, 194
      local resources, 195
      locator elements, 190
      title elements, 195
      XPointers and, 202
Extensible Linking Language (see XLink)
Extensible Stylesheet Language (see XSL; XSL-FO; XSLT)
Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations (see XSLT)
extent attributes (XSL-FO), 237
external declarations
      including, 302
      modifying, 303
external DTD subsets, 34
      general entity references and, 83
      parameter entity references and, 55
      text declarations and, 73
      XML specification for, 381, 389
external general entities
      parsed, 50-52
            attribute values and, 390
            no recursion allowed, 391
            SAX core feature, 595
            text declarations and, 73
      unparsed, 52
            declaring notations, 399
external parameter entity references, 55
      SAX core feature, 595

F[ Top ]
facet elements
      enumeration, 295, 422
      length, 295, 425
      maxExclusive, 296, 426
      maxInclusive, 296, 426
      maxLength, 426
      minExclusive, 296
      minInclusive, 296, 427
      pattern, 297, 428
      totalDigits, 296, 435
      whiteSpace, 295, 436
facets, 294
false( ) function (XPath), 177, 182
Feynman, Richard, 164, 166, 173
      XML document describing, 144
filesystems
      MIME types in, 72
filters
      event-based parsers and, 313
      SAX, 361
final attribute, 307
firstChild attribute (Node interface), 559
#FIXED attributes (XLink), 197
#FIXED default declaration, 384
      explicit value must match default value, 398
#FIXED default declaration (attributes), 48
floating-point doubles (in XPath), 176
floor( ) function (XPath), 183
flow child element (XSL-FO), 239
%Flow.mix; entity reference, 125
fo, 236, 237, 239
following axis, 174, 462
following-sibling axis, 174, 462
font properties (CSS), 229
font-family property (CSS), 229
font-stretch property (CSS), 230
font-style property (CSS), 230
font-variant property (CSS), 230
font-weight property (CSS), 230
FOP (Apache XML Project formatting program), 242
format-number( ) function (XSLT), 181
formatting objects, 233
forms, XHTML DTD modules for, 123
fragment identifiers, 199
frames modules (XHTML DTD), 123
frameset DTD (XHTML), 116
French
      subcodes for dialects, 84
functions
      XPath, 178, 464
            Boolean, 182
            node-set, 179
            number, 182
            string, 180
      XSLT, 494
Fundamental Interfaces (DOM Core), 328

G[ Top ]
general entities
      external parsed, 50-52
            attribute values and, 390
            no recursion allowed, 391
            text declarations and, 73
      external unparsed
            declaring notations, 399
      internal, 380
general entity declarations, 49, 380
      declaring, 398
general entity references
      XML specification for, 376
General Punctuation Unicode block, 619
Geometric Shapes Unicode block, 621
getAttribute(,��,��) (DOM), 541
getAttributeNode(,��,��) (DOM), 542
getAttributeNodeNS(,��,��) (DOM), 542
getAttributeNS(,��,��) (DOM), 542
getElementById(,��,��) (DOM), 519
getElementsByTagName(,��,��) (DOM)
      Document interface, 519
      Element interface, 543
getElementsByTagNameNS(,��,��) (DOM)
      Document interface, 519, 521
      Element interface, 543
getException( ) (SAX), 585
getFeature(,��,��) (SAX), 360
getNamedItem(,��,��) (DOM), 554
getNamedItemNS(,��,��) (DOM), 555
getProperty(,��,��) (SAX), 360
glyph areas (XSL-FO), 235
Goldfarb, Charles F., 8, 89
Goodman, Danny, 537
grammar for XML documents, 400
Greek Extended Unicode block, 619
Greek Unicode block, 616
&gt; (greater-than) entity reference
      HTML 4.0 entity sets and, 607
      XML specification for, 374
GUI programs for XML document validation, 36

H[ Top ]
hasAttribute(,��,��) (DOM)
      Element interface, 543
hasAttributeNS(,��,��) (DOM)
      Element interface, 544
hasAttributes(,��,��) (DOM), 567
hasChildNodes(,��,��) (DOM), 567
hasFeature(,��,��) (DOM), 536
Hebrew Unicode block, 617
hexadecimal character references, 81
hexadecimal numeric character references
      &#x3C; (for <), 20
hidden elements (CSS display property), 228
HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR exception (DOM), 532
href pseudo-attribute, 118
href pseudoattribute, 223
HTML
      converting document to XHTML, 111-115
      serving XML pages in, 122
      SGML and, 9
      structure of documents, 91
      vs. XHTML, 111
      (see also XHTML)
HTML 4.0 entity sets, 606
HTML forms, XHTML DTD modules, 123
HTTP headers
      Content-Type field, 72

I[ Top ]
IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority)
      character sets registered with, 74
      MIME types for XSLT stylesheets, 118
IBM character sets, 78
id( ) function (XPath), 180
ID attribute type, 45
      default for, 395
      in element type declarations, 383
      only one per element type, 395
      values must be unique, 395
IDL (Interface Definition Language) and DOM, 326, 500
IDREF attribute type, 46
      in element type declarations, 383
      matching IDs in document, 395
IDREFS attribute type, 47
      in element type declarations, 383
IE, 120
IGNORE directive, 56
illegal characters (Unicode), 604
image modules (XHTML DTD), 123
implementation attribute (Document interface), 511
#IMPLIED default declaration, 384
#IMPLIED default declaration (attributes), 48
importNode(,��,��) (DOM), 520
inbound links, 196
INCLUDE directive, 56
INDEX_SIZE_ERR exception (DOM), 531
Indian languages, Unicode block for, 618
inline areas (XSL-FO), 235
%Inline.extra entity reference, 127
%Inline.mix; entity reference, 125
InputSource class (SAX), 585
insertBefore(,��,��) (DOM), 568
insertData(,��,��) (DOM), 507
instance documents
      attributes of, 454
      complex types and, 289
      controlling namespace qualification, 288
      derived types in, 305
      empty elements and, 292
      namespace issues with, 280
      substitution groups and, 306
Interface Definition Language (IDL) and DOM, 326, 500
internal DTD subsets, 33
      general entity references and, 83
      parameter entity references and, 55, 389
      XML specification for, 381
internal general entities, 380
internalSubset attribute (DocumentType interface), 524
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) Extensions Unicode block, 615
internationalization, 71-85
      character references, 81-84
      character sets
            Unicode, 74
            XML-defined, 74
      character-set metadata, 71
      converting between character sets, 79
      default character set, XML documents, 80
      encoding declaration, 72
      ISO character sets, 76
      platform-dependent character sets, 78
      xml:lang attribute, 84-85
Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI), 60
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)
      character sets registered with, 74
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (see IANA)
Internet Explorer (IE)
      direct display of XML in, 120
      MSXML XSLT processor, 147
      support for XHTML, 116
      text/xsl MIME type, 118
      XHTML, support of, 117
      XSLT, lack of support for, 146
intrinsic events module (XHTML DTD), 124
INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR exception (DOM), 533
invalid XML documents, 4
INVALID_ACCESS_ERR exception (DOM), 533, 534
INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR exception (DOM), 532
INVALID_MODIFICATION_ERR exception (DOM), 533
INVALID_STATE_ERR exception (DOM), 533
IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) Extensions Unicode block, 615
IRI (Internationalized Resource Identifier), 60
ISO character sets, 76
ISO-10646-UCS-2 encoding, 75, 602
ISO-10646-UCS-4 encoding, 602
ISO-2022-JP encoding, 602
ISO-3166 (Codes for the Representation of Names of Countries), 85
ISO-639 (Codes for the Representation of Names of Languages), 84
ISO-8859 character sets, 605
ISO-8859-1 encoding, 77, 602
      vs. Cp1252 Windows character set, 606
ISO-8859-10 encoding, 77, 602
ISO-8859-11 encoding, 78, 602
ISO-8859-12 encoding, 602
ISO-8859-13 encoding, 78, 602
ISO-8859-14 encoding, 78, 602
ISO-8859-15 encoding, 78, 602
ISO-8859-16 encoding, 78, 602
ISO-8859-2 encoding, 77, 602
ISO-8859-3 encoding, 77, 602
ISO-8859-4 encoding, 77
ISO-8859-5 encoding, 77, 602
ISO-8859-6 encoding, 77, 602
ISO-8859-7 encoding, 77, 602
ISO-8859-8 encoding, 77, 602
ISO-8859-9 encoding, 77, 602
isSupported(,��,��) (DOM), 570
item(,��,��) (DOM), 555, 573

J[ Top ]
Japanese characters
      national standard character sets for, 602
      UTF-8/UTF-16 encodings, 76, 601
Java
      examples/bindings for DOM Core objects, 501
      language-specific bindings for, 326
      TrAX and, 498
Java applets
      applet module (XHTML DTD), 122
Java Development Kit's native2ascii tool, 80
Java servlets, converting XML documents to HTML, 122
JavaScript
      XHTML DTD scripting module, 124
      XML parser accessed from, 120
Jelliffe, Rick, 251

K[ Top ]
keys and references in schemas, 308
Korean characters
      national standard character set for, 78
      UTF-8/UTF-16 encodings, 76, 601

L[ Top ]
language codes, 84
      subcodes for geographic regions, 84
last( ) function (XPath), 179
lastChild attribute (Node interface), 560
Latin Extended Additional Unicode block, 619
Latin Extended-A Unicode block, 615
Latin Extended-B Unicode block, 615
Latin-0 encoding, 78, 602
Latin-1 characters entity set, 83, 607
Latin-1 encoding, 77, 602, 606
Latin-10 encoding, 78
Latin-2 encoding, 77, 602
Latin-3 encoding, 77, 602
Latin-4 encoding, 77, 602
Latin-5 encoding, 77, 602
Latin-6 encoding, 77, 602
Latin-7 encoding, 78, 602
Latin-8 encoding, 78, 602
Latin-9 encoding, 78, 602
layout-master-set element (XSL-FO), 236, 239
legacy encodings, 74
legacy module (XHTML DTD), 124
length attribute
      CharacterData interface, 505
      NamedNodeMap interface, 554
      NodeList interface, 573
length facet element, 295, 425
length of XML names, 19
length, units of, 228
Letter-like Symbols Unicode block, 619
line areas (XSL-FO), 235
linkbases, 196
links
      attaching to XML documents (see XLinks)
      following, 187
      XHTML DTD link module, 124
      XPointers in, 201
list elements (CSS display property), 227
literal data characters, 149
literal default declaration (attributes), 49
literal result elements, 149
      attribute value templates and, 159
little-endian UCS-2, 75, 81
local parts, 64
local resources (extended links), 195
local-name( ) function (XPath), 180
localName attribute (Node interface), 558, 560
location paths, 165-170, 459
      abbreviated, 173
      absolute, not starting from root, 180
      attribute location steps, 167
      axes, listing of, 174
      building compound, 170, 460
      child element location steps, 166
      combining with location steps with |, 170
      compound, 170-172
      predicates, 172
      root location path, 166
      unabbreviated, 173-176
      using predicates in, 463
location steps, 168
      attribute, 167, 461
      axis, node test, and predicates, 173
      child element, 460
      child element location steps, 166
      combining with /, 170
      combining with location paths, using |, 170
      comment( ), 169
      processing-instruction( ), 169
      text( ), 169
locator elements, 190
Locator interface (SAX), 583
LocatorImpl class (SAX), 589
Lorie, Ray, 8, 89
&lt; (entity reference for <), 20
&lt; (less-than) entity reference
      HTML 4.0 entity sets and, 606
      XML specification for, 374

M[ Top ]
Macintosh systems
      character sets specific to, 79
      pure ASCII documents, use of, 80
MacRoman character set, 79
markup, 13
      describing a document's structure, 106
      in entities, 50
      input vs. output languages, 107
      in narrative XML documents, 91
markup languages
      programming languages vs., 5
master pages for XSL-FO, laying out, 237
matching (see pattern matching)
Mathematical Operators Unicode block, 620
MathML (Mathematical Markup Language), xiii
      entity sets, 84
      namespaces
            need for, 60
            syntax for, 64
      support by Mozilla, 121
maxExclusive facet element, 296, 426
maxInclusive facet element, 296, 426
media pseudo attribute, 119
media pseudoattribute, 223
Megginson, David, 10, 580
metadata
      character set, 71
      embedding in page with RDF, 61
      WordprocessingML document, 101
metainformation
      about narrative XML documents, 90
      XHTML DTD module, 124
metamarkup language, 3
Microsoft
      XSLT namespaces, 146
Microsoft and character sets, 78
Microsoft Internet Explorer (see Internet Explorer)
Microsoft Word
      saving files as Unicode, 79
      WordprocessingML, 101-105
MIME media types
      for stylesheets, 223
MIME types, 72
      specifying for stylesheets with type pseudo-attribute, 118
      for XML applications, 13
minExclusive facet element, 296
minInclusive facet element, 296, 427
Miscellaneous Symbols Unicode block, 621
Miscellaneous Technical Unicode block, 620
%Misc.extra entity reference, 127
mixed content
      declaring mixed content element, 41
      in elements, 15
      schemas and, 298
mod (XPath arithmetic operator), 176
modes (XSLT), 157-159
Modular XHTML, 110
      authoring compound documents with, 122-139
Modularization of XHTML (W3C specification), 126
modules
      XHTML DTDs, 122-124
modules, XHTML, 122
monetary symbols, Unicode block for, 619
Mosher, Ed, 8, 89
Mozilla
      direct display of XML in, 121
      XHTML, support for, 117
      (see also Netscape)
MSXML XSLT processor, 147
Muellner, Leonard, 95
multilingual documents, 84
Murray-Rust, Peter, 10

N[ Top ]
name( ) function (XPath), 180
name attribute
      Attr interface, 502
      DocumentType interface, 524
name characters (Unicode), 603
name identification module (XHTML DTD), 124
name start characters (Unicode), 603
name tokens, 44
NamedNodeMap interface (DOM)
      methods for, 553
names
      case sensitivity in, 14
      element
            suffixes added to, 38
      namespace names, 63
      qualified
            XML specification for, 387
      unqualified, 387
      XML, 18-20, 190
            length of, 19
            punctuation characters in, 18
            specification for, 373
            starting character of, 19
            target, 22
            URIs, conventions for using, 64
namespace axis, 174, 462
namespace names, 63
namespace nodes
      default template rule for, 156
      location paths and, 169
      XPath, 165
namespace prefixes (see namespaces; prefixes)
NAMESPACE_ERR exception (DOM), 533
namespaces, xii, 9, 60-70
      constraints for, 399
      controlling qualification, 288
      DTDs and, 69
      element/attribute declarations, 382
      how parsers handle, 69
      nodes
            XPath data model and, 458
      prefixes, 288
      purposes of, 60
      RDDL and namespace URLs, 250
      reasons for using, 60
      schemas and, 280, 286, 412
      setting default, 387
      syntax of, 63-68
            binding prefixes to URIs, 64-67
            local part, 64
            prefixes, 63
            qualified name, 64
            setting default, 67
      target namespaces, 286
      URIs, 67
            returned by SAX parsers, 594
      WordprocessingML, 101
      XML specification for, 387
      XPath
            node set functions for, 180
      XPointers and, 204
      XSLT, 120, 145, 159-161
            URIs for, 146
      XSLT and, 472
NamespaceSupport class (SAX), 589
namespace-uri( ) function (XPath), 180
namespaceURI attribute (Node interface), 560
name-value pairs, 16
narrative XML documents, 15
      attributes in, 17
      DocBook, 95-98
      DTDs for, 58
      mixed content elements, 41
      structure of, 90
      TEI (Text Encoding Initiative), 92-95
national standard character sets, 78
native2ascii tool (Java Development Kit), 80
natures of related resources, 255
NDATA declaration, 52
Netscape
      direct display of XML in, 121
      RSS DTD, 33
      support for XHTML, 116
      XHTML, support of, 117
      (see also Mozilla)
network transport protocols, XML vs., 6
nextSibling attribute (Node interface), 560
NMTOKEN attribute type, 44, 383
      values must be legal name tokens, 396
NMTOKENS attribute type, 44, 383
      values must be legal name tokens, 396
NO_DATA_ALLOWED_ERR exception (DOM), 532
node( ) (XPath wildcard), 169
Node interface (DOM), 329, 500
      attributes for, 558
      methods for, 565
node sets in XPath, 459
node tests in location paths, 459, 462
node tests in location steps, 173
node(,��,��)
      node test, 463
nodeName attribute (Node interface), 561
nodes in XML documents
      DOM and, 329
      XPath and, 163
      XSLT and, 154
node-set functions, XPath, 179
nodeType attribute (Node interface), 330, 561
nodeValue attribute (Node interface), 562
NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR exception (DOM), 532
normalize(,��,��) (DOM)
      Element interface, 544
      Node interface, 571
normalize-space( ) function (XPath), 182
not( ) function (XPath), 182
NOTATION attribute type, 48
      not available for empty elements, 397
      only one per element type, 396
notation attributes, 396
NOTATION declaration, 52
      names must be unique, 399
      unparsed entities and, 399
Notation interface (DOM), 334
      nodeName attribute and, 561
      nodeValue attribute and, 562
      object hierarchy for, 501
notation syntax of XML, 322
notationName attribute (Entity interface), 550
NOTATION_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 562, 565
notations attribute (DocumentType interface), 524
NOT_FOUND_ERR exception (DOM), 532
NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR exception (DOM), 532
number( ) function (XPath), 183
numbers in XPath, 176, 459
numeric character references
      &#60; (for <), 20
numeric functions (XPath), 182

O[ Top ]
OASIS XML catalog format, 33
object hierarchy (DOM), 501
object module (XHTML DTD), 123
object reference (DOM Level 2 Core), 501
object serialization and XML, 267
OCR-A characters, Unicode block for, 620
online DTDs, list of, 59
online validators, 34
OpenOffice, 98-101
Opera
      XHTML, support of, 117
Optical Character Recognition Unicode block, 620
org.xml.sax package, 580
org.xml.sax.ext package, 596
outbound links, 196
output formats, 107
output formats, transformed XML documents, 108
ownerDocument attribute (Node interface), 563
ownerElement attribute (Attr interface), 502, 503, 510, 511, 512, 541, 550, 551, 552

P[ Top ]
param module (XHTML DTD), 123
parameter entities, 53-56
      connecting XHTML DTD modules, 122
      syntax of, 54
parameter entities, XML specification for, 379
parameter entity declarations
      declaring, 398
parameter entity references, 54
      connecting XHTML modules, 122
      defining, with document model modules, 133
      external DTD subsets and, 55
      in DTD only, 392
      including declarations in, 389
      internal subsets and, 389
      location in DTD is important, 376
      mixing XHTML into applications, 125
      for namespace prefixes, 69
      proper nesting with
            conditional sections, 398
            markup declarations, 392
            parenthesized groups, 394
      redefining, 55
      XLink elements and, 197
parent axis, 174, 462
parent elements, 14
      selecting with .. (double period), 460
parentheses in element declarations, 39
parentNode attribute (Node interface), 563
parse(,��,��) (SAX), 350
parsed character data (#PCDATA), 31, 37
parsed general entities
      attribute values and, 390
      no recursion allowed, 391
      text declarations and, 73
parsers, 7
      checking documents for well-formedness, 26
      checking the character set, 80
      comparing namespace URIs, 67
      determining character encoding, 72
      handling of namespaces, 69
      SAX, development of, 10
      validating, 8
            comparing document to its DTD, 28
      XML-defined character sets, 74
parsers, validating, 344
      associating schema documents with instance documents, 281
PassiveTeX library, 243
pattern facet element, 297, 428
pattern matching
      match attribute (xsl:template), 148
      text( ) node test, 154
#PCDATA keyword, 31, 37
PCs
      Mac-specific character sets on, 79
PDF format for XSL-FO documents, 248
permanence of XML documents, 105
PHP, processing instructions in, 23
pictographic symbols, Unicode block for, 621
Pinard, Francois, 80
pixels (relative unit of length), 229
platform-dependent character sets, 78
points in XPointers, 204
portability
      XML data format, 6
position( ) function (XPath), 179
Post Schema Validation Infoset (PSVI), 412
preceding axis, 174, 462
preceding-sibling axis, 174, 462
predefined character references, 374
predicates
      in location paths, 172, 463
predicates (in location steps), 173
prefix attribute (Node interface), 563
prefixed names in XPointers, 204
prefixes
      binding to URIs, 64-67
      changing with parameter entity references, 69
      controlling namespace qualification, 288
      default namespaces and, 67, 388
      element names and, 63
      namespace constraints for, 399
      xlink, mapping to namespace URI, 185
      XPath wildcards, attaching to, 169, 170
      xsl, 145
preorder traversal, 151
previousSibling attribute (Node interface), 564
primitive types for schemas, 284, 436
      defining, 294
processing instruction nodes
      default template for, 156
      XPath data model and, 458
processing instructions, 22
      parsers and, 322
      robots, 143
      web browser problems with, 116
      xml-stylesheet, 118-120, 148
processing-instruction( ) location step, 169
ProcessingInstruction interface (DOM), 333, 574
      attributes for, 574
      nodeName attribute and, 561
      nodeValue attribute and, 562
      object hierarchy, 501
processing-instruction(,��,��)
      node test, 463
PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 561
professions and disciplines, standard DTDs for, 59
programming languages
      document transformation programs, 108
      Turing complete, 5
      XML vs., 5
programming models used with XML, 311
prolog (XML document), 32, 372
properties
      controlling parser behavior for SAX, 359, 594
      of Cascading Style Sheets, 227
      of XSL-FO, 243
proprietary character sets, 78
proprietary schemas, document permanence and, 106
pseudoattributes for xml-stylesheet processing instruction, 118-120, 223
pseudoclass selectors, 225
pseudoelement selectors, 226
PSVI (Post Schema Validation Infoset), 412
public IDs for DTDs, 33
PUBLIC keyword (document type declaration), 33
publicId attribute
      DocumentType interface, 525
      Entity interface, 550
punctuation characters
      allowed in XML names, 18
      disallowed in XML names, 19
punctuation characters, Unicode block for, 619
purposes of related resources, 256

Q[ Top ]
qualified names, 64
      defining as parameter entity references, 70
      XML specification for, 387
&quot; (straight double quotes) entity reference
      HTML 4.0 entity sets and, 607
      XML specification for, 374

R[ Top ]
Ragget, Dave, 115
Rahtz, Sebastian, 243
ranges in XPointers, 206
RDDL (Resource Directory Description Language), xii, 250
      document example, 252
      namespace URIs and, 67
      namespace URLs and, 250
      natures of related resources, 255
      purposes of related resources, 256
      syntax for, 251
RDF (Resource Description Framework), xiii, 140
      binding prefixes to namespace URIs, 65
      embedding metadata in a page, 61
      encoding Dublin Core in, 142
recode (character-set conversion tool), 80
record-like documents
      DTDs for, 57
      use of XML, 10
references, 20
      to other declarations in DTDs, 32
      entity, listing of, 20
      external parameter entity, 55
      external parsed general entities, 50-52
      parameter entity, 54
      places for allowed usage, 21
region-start child element (XSL-FO), 237
related resources, 251
      natures of, 255
      purposes of, 256
relational operators in XPath, 172, 177
relative location paths, 460
      building compound location paths, 171
relative units of length (CSS properties), 229
relative XPointers, 208
RELAX NG schema language, 10, 278
remote resources
      third-party links, 196
remote resources (extended links), 190
removeAttribute(,��,��) (DOM), 544
removeAttributeNode(,��,��) (DOM), 545
removeAttributeNS(,��,��) (DOM), 545
removeChild(,��,��) (DOM), 571
removeNamedItem(,��,��) (DOM), 555
removeNamedItemNS(,��,��) (DOM), 556
RenderX formatting program (XEP), 243
replaceChild(,��,��) (DOM), 571
replaceData(,��,��) (DOM), 507
#REQUIRED default declaration, 384
      value must be assigned to attributes, 397
#REQUIRED default declaration (attributes), 48
Resource Directory Description Language (see RDDL)
resource elements, 195
Rich Site Summary (RSS) DTD, 33
robots processing instruction, 143
role attributes for arcs, 194
root element, 15, 372
      comment placement and, 22
      determining name of, 392
      in narrative-oriented documents, 90
      processing instruction placement and, 23
      TEI documents, 94
      WordprocessingML document, 101
      XSLT stylesheets, 145
root interface (DOM Core), 329
root location path, 166, 460
root node
      default template rule for, 156
      paths beginning with /, 171
      root element vs. (XPath), 165
      XPath data model and, 457
round( ) function (XPath), 179, 183
RSS (Rich Site Summary) DTD, 33
ruby module (XHTML DTD), 124

S[ Top ]
Safari
      XHTML, support of, 117
Sanskrit language, Unicode block for, 618
SAX (Simple API for XML), xii, 10, 349
      Attributes interface, 581
      AttributesImpl class, 587
      ContentHandler interface, 351, 581
      controlling parser behavior with URIs, 359, 594
      DeclHandler interface, 596, 598
      DTDHandler interface, 582
      EntityResolver interface, 582
      ErrorHandler interface, 583
      features of, 359, 594
      filters, 361
      LexicalHandler interface, 598
      Locator interface, 583
      methods called by parser in ContentHandler, 352
      NamespaceSupport class, 589
      nondeterministic code details, 356
      org.xml.sax package, 349
      org.xml.sax.ext package, 596
      org.xml.sax.helpers package, 587
      ParserAdapter class, 590
      properties of, 359, 596
      reference, 580
      SAX1 vs. SAX2, 349, 580
      SAXException class, 350, 585
      SAXNotRecognizedException class, 360, 586, 597
      SAXNotSupportedException class, 587
      SAXParseException class, 586
      vs. DOM, 359
SAXException class, 585
SAXNotRecognizedException class, 360, 586, 597
SAXNotSupportedException class, 587
SAXON (XSLT engine), 122
SAXON (XSLT processor), 147
SAXParseException class (SAX), 586
Scalable Vector Graphics, xiii
schema languages, 5, 10
schemas, xii, 278
      abstract attribute, 307
      annotation elements in, 282
      attribute declarations and, 285
      complex types and, 289
      constructing, 280
      controlling namespace qualification, 288
      document organization, 281
      document permanence and, 106
      document validity and, 4
      element content
            any type, 300
            empty elements, 291
            mixed, 298
            simple, 293
      elements of, 413
      enforcing element uniqueness, 307
      facets and, 294
      final attribute, 307
      fixed attribute, 307
      keys and references, 308
      lists and, 297, 425
      namespaces and, 280, 286, 412
      reference, 412
      simple types, 284, 436
            defining, 294
      targetNamespace attribute and, 286
      unions and, 297, 435
      using multiple documents, 301
      vs. DTDs, 279
Schematron schema language, 10, 278
      annotations and, 284
      Validator for Windows, 36
scripting module (XHTML DTD), 124
search methods for the web, 139-143
      Dublin Core, 140-143
      RDF (Resource Description Framework), 140
      robots processing instruction, 143
sections, narrative XML documents, 90
      divided into subsections, 91
security
      XML documents transmitted over Internet, 11
selectors for Cascading Style Sheets, 224
self axis, 174, 462
sequences in element declarations, 37
      enclosed in parentheses, 39
setAttribute(,��,��) (DOM), 546
setAttributeNode(,��,��) (DOM), 547
setAttributeNodeNS(,��,��) (DOM), 548
setAttributeNS(,��,��) (DOM), 546
setFeature(,��,��) (SAX), 360
setNamedItem(,��,��) (DOM), 556
setNamedItemNS(,��,��) (DOM), 557
setProperty(,��,��) (SAX), 361
SGML
      DocBook application, 95
      HTML and, 9
      legacy of, 89
      XML and, 8
Shift_JIS encoding, 602
siblings (elements), 14
Simple API for XML (see SAX)
simple content and schemas, 293
simple links, 184
Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), 265
simple types for schemas, 284, 436
      defining, 294
simple typesfor schemas
      facet elements for, 413
SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol), 265
source code samples and CDATA sections, 21
Spacing Modifier Letters Unicode block, 616
special attributes, 385
special characters entity set, 83, 607, 610
specified attribute (Attr interface), 503
Sperberg-McQueen, C.M., 9
splitText(,��,��) (DOM), 576
standalone attribute, 25
      external DTD subsets and, 34
standalone declaration
      setting value to no'', 393
      XML specification for, 379
standard DTDs, 59
Standard Generalized Markup Language (see SGML)
starting resource, 184
starts-with( ) function (XPath), 179, 181
<$statrange, 184
strict DTD (XHTML), 115
string( ) function (XPath), 181
string-length( ) function (XPath), 182
strings
      in XPath, 177, 459
            functions for, 180
      internalized (SAX feature), 594
structural nodes (DOM Core), 333
style attribute module (XHTML DTD), 124
style rules, 221
stylesheet element (XSLT), 145
stylesheets
      attaching to XML documents, 23
      descriptive, formatting XML documents, 108
      displaying XML in web browsers, 117-122
      document permanence and, 107
      major stylesheet languages, 118
      XHTML DTD stylesheet module, 124
subcodes (languages), 84
substring( ) (XPath method), 181
substring-after( ) function (XPath), 181
substring-before( ) function (XPath), 181
substringData(,��,��) (DOM), 508
suffixes in element declarations, 38
sum( ) function (XPath), 183
SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics), xiii
      namespaces
            need for, 60
            syntax for, 64
      prefixes and namespace URIs, 67
      source code written in XHTML and enclosed in CDATA section, 21
      support by Mozilla, 121
symbols entity set, 83, 607
syntax structures of XML documents, 372
SYNTAX_ERR exception (DOM), 533
systemId attribute
      DocumentType interface, 525
      Entity interface, 551

T[ Top ]
table elements (CSS display property), 228
tables modules (XHTML DTD), 123
tag sets, 4
tag syntax
      case sensitivity, 14
tagName attribute (Element interface), 541
tags
      empty-element, 386
      matching, 389
      overlapping not allowed, 14
      start- and end-tags, 13
      syntax of, 13
            empty elements, 13
target, 22
target attribute (ProcessingInstruction interface), 574
target module (XHTML DTD), 124
TEI (Text Encoding Initiative), 92-95
teiHeader element, 94
template rules, built-in, 147
template rules (XSLT)
      built-in, 154-157
            for comment and processing instruction nodes, 156
            for element and root nodes, 156
            for namespace nodes, 156
            for text and attribute nodes, 154
template rules (XSLT stylesheets), 144
templates
      adding to XSLT stylesheets, 148
      XSLT
            applying, 151-153
templates, XSLT
      applying different with modes, 157-159
      attribute value, 159
text
      presentation of, 4
text( ) location step, 169
text declarations
      external entities and, 51
      XML declarations vs., 73
      XML specification for, 381
text element (TEI documents), 94
text elements, WordprocessingML, 102
Text Encoding Initiative (TEI), 92
Text interface (DOM), 339, 575
      method for, 575
      nodeName attribute and, 561
      nodeValue attribute and, 562
      object hierarchy, 501
text nodes
      default template rule for, 154
      XPath data model and, 458
text properties
      Cascading Style Sheets, 230
      XSL-FO, 235
text(,��,��)
      node test, 463
text-align property (CSS), 231
text/css MIME type, 118
text-decoration property (CSS), 231
text-indent property (CSS), 230
TEXT_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 561, 564
text-transform property (CSS), 231
textual tools for XML documents, 312
text/xml, 13
text/xml MIME type, 72
text/xsl MIME type (Microsoft IE), 118
Thai characters
      ISO-8859-11 encoding, 78, 602
      Unicode block for, 618
third-party links, 196
Tibetan Unicode block, 618
Tidy (HTML to XHTML conversion tool), 115
title attributes for arcs, 194
title elements (extended links), 195
title pseudo-attribute, 120
title pseudoattribute, 223
Tobin, Richard, 35
Topologi Schematron Validator for Windows, 36
totalDigits facet element, 296, 435
transform element (XSLT), 145
transformations, XSL, 144
transitional DTD (XHTML), 116
traversal
      Node interface and, 332
TrAX (Transformations API for XML), 498
tree models for XML documents, 314
tree structure, XML documents
      narrative documents, 90
true( ) function (XPath), 177, 182
Turing, Alan, 29, 57, 164
      JPEG image of, 52
      XML document describing, 144
Turing complete programming languages, 5
type derivation, 285
type pseudo-attribute, 118
type pseudoattribute, 223

U[ Top ]
UCS-2 encoding, 75, 80
UCS-4 encoding, 81
unabbreviated location paths, 173-176
unassigned code points (Unicode), 604
Unicode
      encoding attribute in XML declaration, 25
      evolution of, XML and, 11
      UCS-2 encoding, 80
      UTF-16 or UTF-8 format for all XML documents, 79
      UTF-8 encoding, 81
            converting Cp1252 encoding to, 80
Unicode blocks, 614
      Arabic, 618
      Armenian, 617
      Arrows, 620
      Currency Symbols, 619
      Cyrillic, 617
      Devanagari, 618
      General Punctuation, 619
      Geometric Shapes, 621
      Greek Extended, 619
      Greek/Coptic, 616
      Hebrew, 617
      IPA Extensions, 615
      Latin Extended Additional, 619
      Latin Extended-A, 615
      Latin Extended-B, 615
      Letter-like Symbols, 619
      Mathematical Operators, 620
      Miscellaneous Symbols, 621
      Miscellaneous Technical, 620
      Optical Character Recognition, 620
      Spacing Modifier Letters, 616
      Thai, 618
      Tibetan, 618
Unicode character set, 71, 74
      character references, 81-84
      encodings of, 71
      UCS-2 and UTF-16 encodings, 75
      UTF-8 encoding, 76
Unicode characters
      character references and, 374
      character set names, 601
      character tables for, 603
units of length (CSS), 228
unparsed entities and notations, 52
unparsed general entities, 323
      declaring notations, 399
      not allowed in entity references, 391
unqualified names, XML specification for, 387
URIs (Uniform Resource Identifiers)
      assigning elements to, 63
      binding prefixes to, 64-67
      controlling parser behavior for SAX, 359, 594
      conventions for using with XML names, 64
      identifying starting and ending resources for links, 184
      namespace, 67
            XSLT processors and, 146
      namespace prefixes, mapping to, 60
      XPointer fragment identifier syntax, xii
URLs
      absolute or relative for DTDs, 32
      base module (XHTML DTD), 124
URLs (Uniform Resource Locators) and XPointers, 199
UTF-16 encoding, 76, 601
      encoding declaration and, 378
      omitting encoding declaration, 73
      required handling by XML parsers, 74
UTF-8 encoding, 25, 81, 601
      encoding declaration and, 378
      internationalization and, 76
      omitting encoding declaration, 73
      required handling by XML parsers, 74

V[ Top ]
valid XML documents, 4
      XHTML document, 113-115
validating parsers, 8, 344
      associating schema documents with instance documents, 281
      comparing document to its DTD, 28
validation, 8, 29-36
      document type declaration, 32
      example DTD, 29-32
      internal DTD subsets, 33
      validating a document, 34
validators
      online, 34
validity constraints, 392
validity errors, 8, 28, 35
value attribute (Attr interface), 503
value of an element, 150
VBScript
      XHTML DTD scripting module, 124
      XML parser accessed from, 120
version attribute, 24
version information attribute, XML specification for, 378
Vietnamese language, Unicode block most useful for, 619

W[ Top ]
W3C
      entity sets, 83
      recommended form of XHTML, 115
      standard XML DTDs, 59
      styling XML documents, 9
      SVG standard, xiii
      templates for
            defining the namespace URI and prefix names, 129
            importing standard modules, 136
            naming attributes and elements, 131
      XML Information Set, 11
      XML Schema Language, 5, 10
Walsh, Norman, 95
w:body element, 101
web browsers
      CSS stylesheets in, 222, 248
      direct display of XML in, 117-122
            alternative approaches, 122
            Internet Explorer, 120
            xml-stylesheet processing instruction, 118-120
      document validation and, 34
      link behavior in, 186
      linkbases and, 196
      support for XHTML, 116
      XLinks support, 184
web search methods, 139-143
      Dublin Core, 140-143
      RDF (Resource Description Framework), 140
      robots processing instruction, 143
web site for this book, xvi
well-formed XML documents, 4
well-formedness, 12
      changing HTML to XHTML, 111
      checking documents for, 26
      constraints recognized by XML 1.0 parsers, 388
      errors, 26, 28
      HTML document, editing for conversion to XHTML, 111
      parsing XML documents for, 7
      Richard Tobin's checker and validator, 35
      SAX filters, problems with, 363
      SAXParseException and, 586
      XSLT stylesheets and, 149
whitespace
      in element contents, 13
      stripping, 488
      trimming and normalizing in element content, 182
      in XML names, 19
      XML specification for, 373
white-space property (CSS), 231
wildcards and location paths, 169
Windows ANSI (see Cp1252 character set)
Windows systems
      Latin-1 character set, use of, 80
      saving files as Unicode, 79
      Topologi Schematron Validator, 36
word processors
      saving data in XML, 98
WordprocessingML, 101-105
      root element of document, 101
      text elements, 102
World Wide Web Consortium (see W3C)
WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR exception (DOM), 532
w:wordDocument element, 101

X[ Top ]
#x3C3F786D Unicode character, 81
Xalan XSLT processor, 147
Xalan-J (XSLT engine), 122
XEP (RenderX formatting program), 243
Xerces-J parser, 281
#xFEFF Unicode character, 75, 80
#xFFFE Unicode character, 81
XHTML, xii, 110, 111-117
      browsers' handling of, 117
      converting HTML document to, 111-115
            changes for well-formedness, 111
            converted HTML document, 113-115
      converting HTML docuument to
            example HTML document, 112
      DTDs for, 115
      empty element tags, 13
      example of a valid document, 113
      Modular XHTML, 110
      Modular (XHTML 1.1)
            authoring compound documents with, 122-139
      moving from HTML to, 111
      replacing standard DTD, 136
      vs. HTML, 111
      web browser support for, 116
XHTML 1.1
      creating your own XHTML, 128
      list of modules, 122
      mixing applications into, 127
      mixing modules into applications, 124
      Module-based XHTML (W3C specification), 126
XHTML Basic and RDDL, 251
XInclude, xii, 10
XLink
      embedding non-XML content in XML documents, 53
      extended links, 189-196
            arcs, 191-195
            locator elements, 190
      link behavior
            xlink:actuate attribute, 187
      link semantics, 188
xlink
      role attribute, 188
XLink (Extensible Linking Language), xii, 10
xlink:actuate attribute, 187
xlink:arcrole attribute, 194
xlink:from attribute (arc elements), 191
xlink:href attribute, 186
      for locators, 190
xlink:label attribute, 190
      local resources and, 195
xlink:role attribute
      locator elements, 190
      resource elements, 195
XLinks, ??-198
      DTDs for, 197
      extended links
            local resources, 195
      link behavior, 186-188
            xlink:show attribute, 187
      linkbases, 196
      simple links, 184
      web browsers' support of, 184
      XPointers and, 201
xlink:show attribute, 187
xlink:title attribute, 188
      arc elements, 194
      locator elements, 190
      resource elements, 195
xlink:title attributes, 195
xlink:to attribute (arc elements), 191
xlink:type attribute
      arc, 190, 191
      extended, 189
      locator, 190
      possible values of, 185
      resource, 190, 195
      simple, 185
xlink:type attributes
      title, 195
XML
      benefits of, 3
      case sensitivity in, 14
      character sets, 74
      comments, 22
      communications protocols and, 263
      data format, 6, 261
      default character set for documents, 80
      direct display in browsers, 117-122
            xml-stylesheet processing instruction, 118-120
      direct display in web browsers
            alternative approaches, 122
            Internet Explorer, 120
      documents
            associating stylesheets with, 222
            counting elements/attributes, 356
            grammar for, 400
            parsing with DOM, 344
            syntax structures, 372
            tree structure of, 163
            validating, 278
      documents (see documents, XML)
      elements, 13
      enterprise applications and, 262
      evolution of, 8-11
      files, 13
      how it works, 7
      invalid documents, 4
      name tokens, 44
      names, 18-20, 373
      namespaces, 60
      object serialization and, 267
      parsers
            event-based, 312
      parsers (see parsers)
      processing instructions, 22
      processing issues, 317
            comments, 321
            notations, 322
            unparsed entities, 323
      processing models, 311
            abstracting XML, 316
            event-based, 312
            extensions/standards, 316
            text-based, 311
            tree-based, 314
      schema languages, 5, 10
      SGML and, 8
      storing in a database, 6
      trees, 14
      valid documents, 4
      version 1.1, xiii, 11, 24
            IRI, use for namespaces, 60
            namespaces, 66
      what it isn't, 5
XML applications, 4
      Robin Cover's list of, 59
XML Canonicalization, 317
XML declaration, 24-26
      web browser problems with, 116
XML Encryption, 11
XML Information Set, 11
XML Schema Language, 412
XML Signature, 11
XML Validation Form (Brown University), 34
XMLFilter interface (SAX), 584
XMLFilterImpl class (SAX), 362, 591
xml:lang attribute, 84-85
      ATTLIST declarations of, 85
      language codes, 84
      subcodes for regions, 84
xmllint, 27
      --valid flag, 35
xmlns attribute, 60, 165
      SAX core feature, 594
      setting default namespaces with, 67, 387
xmlns:prefix attribute, 165
xmlns:xsl attribute, 145
XMLReader interface (SAX), 584
      counting elements/attributes in a document, 358
      validating parsers, 359
XMLReaderAdapter class (SAX), 593
XMLReaderFactory class (SAX), 593
xml-stylesheet processing instruction, 23
      pseudoattributes used in, 118-120
      XSLT stylesheets and, 148
XPath, xii, 163-183
      arithmetic operators in, 176
      Boolean expressions, 458
      calculating string value of an expression, 150
      data model, 165, 457
      expressions, 151, 176-178, 458
            Booleans, 177
            numbers, 176
            strings, 177
            (see also location paths)
      functions, 178, 464
            Boolean, 182
            node-set, 179
            numeric, 182
            string, 180
      location paths, 165-170, 459
            child element location steps, 166
            compound, 170-172
            root, 166
      node sets in, 459
      numbers in, 459
      predicates in location paths, 172, 460, 463
      reference, 457
      relational operators, 172
      strings in, 459
      unabbreviated location paths, 173-176
XPointer, xii, 10
XPointers, 199
      changing context nodes for, 208
      in links, 201
      namespaces and, 204
      on URLs, 199
      points in, 204
      ranges in, 206
xs, 282, 283, 284, 285, 293, 295, 297, 304, 432, 440, 452
xsl, 475, 476, 495, 497
XSL (Extensible Stylesheet Language), 9
      XSLT and XSL-FO, 144
xsl prefix (XSLT), 145
xsl:apply-templates element, 151-153
      mode attribute, 157
xsl:decimal-format element, 181
XSL-FO (XSL Formatting Objects), 4, 9, 218, 233
      boxes in, 234
      generating, 240
      laying out master pages, 237
      programs for working with, 242
      properties, 243
      structure of, 236
      vs. CSS, 248
XSLT, xii, 9, 144-162
      applying templates with xsl:apply-templates, 151-153
      attribute value templates, 159
      calculating element value with xsl:value-of, 150
      format-number( ) function, 181
      functions, 494
      input document, example of, 144
      Internet Explorer and, 120
      modes, applying different templates with, 157-159
      namespaces and, 159-161
      other features, 161
      stylesheet processors, 144, 147
            built-in template rules, 147
            problems with incorrect namespace URIs, 146
      stylesheet using unabbreviated XPath syntax, 174
      template rules, built-in, 154-157
            for comment and processing instruction nodes, 156
            for element and root nodes, 156
            for namespace nodes, 156
            for text and attribute nodes, 154
      templates and template rules, 148
      transforming XML documents, 108, 315
      type pseudo-atttribute, specifying with, 118
      version 1.0, 118
      xsl:decimal-format element, 181
XSLT stylesheets, 144
      elements, categories of, 472
      flowing content into pages, 240
      namespaces and, 472
      transforming documents into XSL-FO documents, 244
      XSL-FO and, 233
xsl:template element, 148
      mode attribute, 157
xsl:value-of element, 150, 181

Y[ Top ]
Yiddish language, Unicode block for, 617

Z[ Top ]
zero-width nonbreaking space, UCS-2, 75


[ Cafe con Leche | XML in a Nutshell Home Page | Examples | Corrections | Index | Order ]

Copyright 2004 Elliotte Rusty Harold
elharo@metalab.unc.edu
Last Modified September 22, 2004